Course Content
UNIT ONE GENERAL CONCEPTS OF ANIMAL HEALTH AND DISEASE
Unit Introduction Dear learners, this unit explains the key concepts of animal health and disease, and the benefits of maintaining good animal health. The unit will also give you more about classification of animal diseases (infectious vs non-infectious), mode of transmission (direct contact, foodborne or waterborne, sexual (venereal), air-borne, fomite-borne, maintenance of infection within the host and factors that determine the occurrence of animal diseases (disease determinants) associated with host (age, sex, breed, immune status), agent (infectivity, pathogenicity, virulence), and environmental (temperature, humidity, rainfall patterns, husbandry and sanitation practices) factors.
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1.1 Basic Concepts of Animal Health and Disease
1.2. Animal Diseases
1.2.1 Infectious diseases
1.2.2 Non-infectious diseases
1.3 Mode of Infectious Disease Transmission and Maintenance
1.3.1 Disease transmission
1.3.2 Maintenance of infection
1.4 Factors Influencing Disease Occurrence
1.4.1 Primary and secondary determinants
1.4.2 Intrinsic and extrinsic determinants
1.4.3 Host, agent, and environmental determinants
Unit Summary
Self-Assessment Questions
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UNIT TWO INFECTIOUS DISEASES OF ANIMALS AND THEIR MANAGEMENT
Unit Introduction Dear learners, this unit describes major infectious diseases of animals and their management. Infectious diseases are among the main constraints of livestock production. They induce significant economic losses, disrupt livestock systems, affect the welfare of animals, and put the public at risk of acquiring zoonotic diseases. Effective management of these diseases relies on prevention, early detection, and appropriate control measures, often requiring community, national, or international efforts. Infectious diseases include those diseases that are caused by bacterial, viral, parasitic, and fungal agents, most of which are contagious and easily transferred among animals, causing significant morbidity and mortality in animals. Hence, a middle-level animal production expert should have adequate competency to play key roles in the management of infectious animal diseases. They should enhance the awareness of livestock owners so that the owners can take necessary husbandry and biosecurity measures to keep animals healthy and more productive.
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2.1 Bacterial Diseases
Animal Health and Disease Control

Disease is caused by multiple factors called determinants of disease. A determinant is any characteristic that affects the health of a population. Knowledge of determinants facilitates the identification of categories of animals that are at particular risk of developing a disease. It is a prerequisite for disease prevention. Determinants can be classified in three ways:

  1. Primary or secondary
  2. Intrinsic or extrinsic
  3.  Associated with host, agent, and environment.
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