About Course

Dear learners, welcome to the course, “Animal Health and Disease Control.” This comprehensive module covers various aspects of infectious and non-infectious livestock diseases within the discipline of Veterinary Medicine. The course is structured into six units, delivered over three weekly credit hours. Each unit is divided into several sub-sections. An introduction and a set of learning objectives at the beginning of each unit will provide you with an overall view and highlight the key points and ideas.

To make this module engaging, we have incorporated learning objectives and activities at the start of each unit, followed by brainstorming questions and self-assessment exercises at the end. We strongly advise you to review additional literature to familiarize yourself with key veterinary terms and vocabulary before delving into the module. This preparation is essential for building your understanding and self-confidence as an independent learner. Furthermore, we encourage you to connect your learning to real-world scenarios. If you face difficulties, seek assistance from veterinary professionals. For instance, visiting a local veterinary clinic and discussing with practitioners can help resolve challenges and deepen your understanding. Such interactions will broaden your knowledge of animal disease management practices and control mechanisms.

The teaching methods for this course include brainstorming sessions, lectures, group discussions, practical demonstrations, individual and group assignments and presentations, and livestock farm visits. These will be supported by facilities such as LCD projectors, computers, anatomical models, pictures, veterinary laboratories (equipped with tools, chemicals, kits, and vaccines), and educational videos. Your progress will be assessed through a variety of methods, including individual and group assignments or presentations, practical exams, laboratory work, and farm visit reports, quizzes, and a midterm and final exam.

Upon successful completion of this module, you will have a solid understanding of infectious and non-infectious animal diseases. This knowledge will help you improve livestock husbandry practices for enhanced animal health and production efficiency. The skills you gain will enable you to play a significant role in improving the livelihoods of smallholder farmers and in ensuring food security.

To further expand your knowledge, please consult the “References” section at the end of each unit, which lists important books and journals. It is our sincere hope that you find this material interesting, practical, and helpful for your future career.

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What Will You Learn?

  • At the end of this unit, learners should be able to:
  •  Define animal health and animal disease
  •  Explain the benefits of maintaining animal health
  •  Differentiate diseased from healthy animals based on symptoms
  •  Distinguish infectious from non-infectious diseases of animals
  •  Identify the mode of disease transmission and maintenance of infection in animals
  •  Describe disease determinants

Course Content

UNIT ONE GENERAL CONCEPTS OF ANIMAL HEALTH AND DISEASE
Unit Introduction Dear learners, this unit explains the key concepts of animal health and disease, and the benefits of maintaining good animal health. The unit will also give you more about classification of animal diseases (infectious vs non-infectious), mode of transmission (direct contact, foodborne or waterborne, sexual (venereal), air-borne, fomite-borne, maintenance of infection within the host and factors that determine the occurrence of animal diseases (disease determinants) associated with host (age, sex, breed, immune status), agent (infectivity, pathogenicity, virulence), and environmental (temperature, humidity, rainfall patterns, husbandry and sanitation practices) factors.

UNIT TWO INFECTIOUS DISEASES OF ANIMALS AND THEIR MANAGEMENT
Unit Introduction Dear learners, this unit describes major infectious diseases of animals and their management. Infectious diseases are among the main constraints of livestock production. They induce significant economic losses, disrupt livestock systems, affect the welfare of animals, and put the public at risk of acquiring zoonotic diseases. Effective management of these diseases relies on prevention, early detection, and appropriate control measures, often requiring community, national, or international efforts. Infectious diseases include those diseases that are caused by bacterial, viral, parasitic, and fungal agents, most of which are contagious and easily transferred among animals, causing significant morbidity and mortality in animals. Hence, a middle-level animal production expert should have adequate competency to play key roles in the management of infectious animal diseases. They should enhance the awareness of livestock owners so that the owners can take necessary husbandry and biosecurity measures to keep animals healthy and more productive.